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Levy's Sound Studios
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- From Sep 1964 please see: CBS Studios, London
Levy's Sound Studios was founded by Morris and Jacques Levy, two of the early pioneers in the UK recording industry.
From running a successful record store & electrical emporium in Whitechapel, London, they set up their first recording studio at Rosslyn House, 94-98 Regent Street, where they stayed until 1937. In 1924 the 'Levaphone' label was established and they began importing and distributing US and Continental recordings, a number of which they licensed to Levaphone. After the War, the company then moved the retail store to 315 Oxford Street and the studio to 73 New Bond Street into a converted upstairs art gallery that backed onto Derring Street, re-forming Levy's Sound Studios and creating their own Oriole & Allegro Records labels as part of Oriole Records Limited. To complete their autonomy, a record pressing plant was established in Aston Clinton (about 30 miles north of EMI's plant at Hayes). This early studio in 1959 only had two Vortexion 4 way mixers, a passive two way mixer, an EMI BTR2 and a Tannoy 15" dual concentric speaker in a Lockwood cabinet. Much of the studio's early work was in creating background libraries of specially recorded music for the BBC and labels like De Wolfe, Paxton, Chappell, Boosey & Hawkes and KPM, combined with the ability to record and to press as a 'one stop shop' for labels such as Melodisc (3) and budget label 'covers' of popular music. In 1953 they gained license to distribute Mercury and formed the Embassy budget label for Woolworth in 1954.
By 1962 a new studio was built in larger premises across the street at 104 New Bond Street, featuring an EMI 17-channel valve console. This desk was used for early Fleetwood Mac recordings, such as Black Magic Woman and Albatross. The studio was run by chief engineer Geoff Frost, who joined in 1959 from the BBC, where he had been a vision mixer. He replaced engineer Bill Johnson, who had helped pioneer many of the studio's techniques and disc-cutting capabilities as the business had grown. Geoff Frost remained with Levy's until 1964, starting his own company Sound Techniques, London with John Wood. Frost also designed and built a mobile desk at Levy's with engineering assistant George Balla, which was used for the original "[r4155217]" recordings. Levy's A&R man for Oriole was John Schroeder.
From 1962 Columbia began pressing outside of the USA for their newly-created CBS Records label. Although Columbia was committed to EMI for UK pressings, the CBS UK pressings were issued under a distribution agreement with Philips on the Fontana Label between 1962 and 1964. This arrangement was resolved when CBS purchased the entire Levy operation in September 1964. At which point Levy's Sound Studios became renamed CBS Studios, London. The Oriole Records Limited Oriole branding also became part of CBS, along with the Levy's production plant, found at CBS Pressing Plant, Aston Clinton. Note: Prior to the advent of dedicated mastering houses and lathe equipment, the Levy's studio cut lacquers for 78's and adapted their lathes in a 'Heath Robinson' manner for cutting 33⅓ rpms until Frost's arrival.
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