BBC Radiophonic Workshop

Initiated in 1958 by Daphne Oram and Desmond Briscoe to create 'special sound' for BBC radio programmes and later famously supplied the "Doctor Who" TV series with its theme tune.
It was eventually closed in 1998, by which time many of the future pioneers of electronica, had either been employed at the workshop, or had been inspired by the work that was created there.